Which type of motivation does self-determination theory emphasize as essential for athletic performance?

Self-determination theory (SDT) highlights intrinsic motivation as a key component for enhancing athletic performance. Intrinsic motivation is characterized by engaging in an activity for the inherent satisfaction and enjoyment it brings rather than for external rewards or pressures. Athletes who are intrinsically motivated are more likely to experience greater persistence, creativity, and optimal performance because they have an internal drive that is closely tied to their interest and passion for the sport.

In the context of athletics, when individuals pursue activities solely for personal enjoyment, mastery, or growth—rooted in intrinsic motivation—they often exhibit higher engagement and commitment. They find deeper meaning in their training and competition, which can lead to improvements in performance. This aligns closely with core principles of self-determination theory, which posits that fulfilling psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness is crucial in fostering intrinsic motivation.

The other types of motivation, such as external rewards, peer comparison, or a focus on winning, can play a role in an athlete's experience but do not yield the same beneficial effects associated with intrinsic motivation. External rewards may undermine an athlete's internal drive, while peer comparison and winning can sometimes create pressure and stress, which can detract from enjoyment and overall performance. Therefore, intrinsic motivation