What is the recommended energy availability for athletes to manage body composition?

The recommended energy availability for athletes to effectively manage body composition is 45 kcal per kilogram of fat-free mass per day. This level is critical because it provides sufficient energy to support metabolic functions and training demands while minimizing the risk of negative consequences associated with low energy availability, such as impaired performance, disrupted hormonal function, and increased risk of injury or illness.

This specific energy availability helps balance energy intake and expenditure, fostering an environment conducive to maintaining or improving body composition while ensuring overall health and athletic performance. Athletes requiring a focus on body composition must be adequately fueled; thus, 45 kcal/kg of fat-free mass strikes a suitable balance for energy needs and performance outcomes.

Lower values might not support the physiological functions necessary for optimal training, whereas higher values, while still beneficial, might exceed what is needed specifically for managing body composition without an excess that could lead to unwanted weight gain.